Electrical alarm



(Nb Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

W. A. BARNES.

ELECTRICAL ALARM No. 395,112 Patented Deb. 2.5, 1888.

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INVEA/TUH I kATTO/M/EY N. PETERS. Phokriilhognphur, Washnglnm n c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. A. BARNE$.

ELECTRICAL-ALARM. No. 395,112. Pat ented'Deo. 25, 1888.,

Q 1 i i liil i k WIT/M8858: INVENTOI? @Wwm W N. PETERS.Pizcloulhugmphcr. Wahington. D. c.

(No Model 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. A. BARNES.

ELEUTRIGAL ALARM.

Patented D90. 25, 1888.

' n. PETERS Plum-Lithographer. \Vushinglnn. no.

NITE STATES Aren't FFll CEa 'WILTJAM A. BARNES, OF BRIDGEPORT,(ONNEC'IICU T.

ELECTRICAL ALARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,112, label asember25, 1888.

Application filed March 1, 1838.

T (tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. BARNES, of Bridgeport, Fail-field county,Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improve ment in ElectricalAlarms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an alarm apparatus whereby signals aretransmitted by means of interruptions in the line-circuit automaticallyproduced after the apparatus is once started.

My invention consists, more particularly, in the construct-ion andarrangement of the mechanism hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a front elevation and generalView of the apparatus. In this figure, for the sake of clearness, thecircuit-wires are omitted. They are shown,

however, and may be readily traced upon Fig. i

2, which is a diagram or skeleton of the Various connections. Fig. 3 isa View of the apparatus, showing the motor-gearing below the plate 38 inelevation and the parts above said plat-e in section 011 the line :0 0cof Fig. 1. Figs. 1 and 5 show the circuit-closing device, controlled bythe door, in two positions. Fig. 6 is a detail View.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

At 1 2, Fig. 2, is the main line divided into two branches, 3 1'. Eachbranch 3 4 includes one of the coils of the differentially-wound magnet5. This magnet, as shown in Fig. 1, is arranged in the box or case 6,which incloses the apparatus. Said box is provided with a hinged door,'7. The magnet is supported on the free end of a leaf-spring, 8., whichis secured to the box or case at 9. Said spring has anupwardly-extending arm, 10, to which is pivoted the armature 11 ofmagnet 5.

12 is a standard, also supported upon spring 8 and carrying acontactplate, 13, above which is a spri1ig-11)late, 53.

At 14 is a hooked latch which is pivoted to standard 12, and which maybe used, when desired, to hold the armature 11. in contact with saidplate 53 and so limit the upward movefingers 17 13.

Serial No. 265,813. (No model.)

another fixed finger, 19, which, by means of wire 20, communicates withpart 2 of main line.

21 is a disk of hard rubber, or other nonconductingmaterial,supported infront of the 55 fixed plate 38 on a shaft, 39. Upon said shaft is awinding-gear, d], and a spring, 42. The end of the shaft is squared toreceive a key, so that by rotating said shaft the spring 42 may be woundup. Adjacent to disk 21 is afixed arm, 22, 1, and upon the face of saiddisk are two pins, 23 and 2%.

Normally the pin 24 makes contact with the upper edge of arm 22, and thepin 23 presses together the spring-fingers 17 19 18, and this is thecondition of the parts when the apparatus is ready for operation.Consequently (see Fig. 2) there will be a closed circuit from main lineat 1, through branches 3 4 and magnet 5 to wires 16, to fingers 17 18,to finger 19, to wire 20, and to main line at 2.

25 is a spring-finger.

26 is another spring-finger, which interposed between finger 25 and theperiphery of disk 21. The end of finger 26 is bent or curved, as shown,to enter a recess in the pcriphery of disk 2]. Hence normally thetingers 25 and 26 are not in contact. Finger 25 connects with main lineat 1 by wire 27. Finger 26 connects with main line at 2 by wire 20.Consequently said fingers 25 26 are in shunt 27 25 26 20 from main line.

The disk 21, as already stated, is rotated by the shaft 29 and spring12. Geared to said shaft is an escapement-wheel, 23, Fig. 1, having ananchor, 29. To the anchor 29 is attached a rod, 30, Wl'll0l1,Wl18Il heldmotionless, causes one of the anchor-pallets to engage with the teeth ofthe escapement-wheel 28, and so to prevent motion of the latter, andhence of the disk 21. ()n the end of rod 30 is a pin with which engagesa hook on the end of an arm, 31, which extends from the pivoted armatureof an electro-magnet, 33. One terminal of the coil of magnet 33 connectswith armature 11 of magnet 5 by a wire, 31, Fig. 2. The other terminalconnects by a wire, 35, with one pole of a local battery, 36. The otherpole of said battery 36 connects by wire 37 with contact-plate 13 onstandard 12. 100

Therefore included in local circuit with battery 36 are wire 37,contact-plate 13, armature 11, wire 34, magnet 33, and wire 35.

I will now explain the operation of the apparatus: A current coming overthe main line 1. and passing through the oppositelyavound coils ofmagnet 5, obviously does not energize that magnet. Hence said currentcontinues on through wires 15 and 16 to spring-lingers 17 18, finger 19,and wire 2, and so to .line again at 2. Suppose now, however, thateither branch 3 or 4 be interrupted or more resistance be interposed ormore current applied in one branch than in the other. Th en, clearly,the coils of magnet 5 will no longer balance one another, and the magnetunder the in inonce of the predominating coil will be energized, andconsequently will attract its armature 11; but when the armature 11 isattracted it closes contact with plate 13 and so establishes localcircuit through magnet 33. .llagnet then attracts its armature 32, andso causes arm 31 to release rod 30. Anchor 29 is then no longer held andthe escapementwheel 28 and associated clock-train is free to operate,andhence to rotate the disk 21. Now, as the disk 21 (see Fig. 1) turnsin the direction of the arrow, the pin 23 thereon, which has beenholdingthe fingers 17 19 18 in contact, is carried to the left and thesefingers, being of spring metal, separate. Therefore the circuit frommain line at 1, magnet 5, wires 15 16, said fingers, wire 20, and mainline at 2 is broken, and the magnet 5 is free to release its armatureagain; but the clock-work having now been started goes on. As the disk21 rotates, the recess in its edge moves from under the end of finger26, and this finger, now pressed upon by the circular part of theperiphery, is so forced into contact with finger 2f. l.heret'oremain-line circuit is closed through 1, 27, 25, 26, 20, and 2. On theedge of disk 21 are formed indentations arranged in any desiredsuccession, as shown in Fig. 1, into which the extremity of linger 26descends as they move beneath it. The disk 21 therefore acircuit-breaking wheel interposed in the main circuit, and by itsrotation making and breaking said current, so as to produce an alarmthrough an y known mechanism capab] e of being actuated in accordancewith said interruptions at a distant pointas, for example,a centralfire-station. To recapitulate, therefore, whenever the strength of thecurrent on one branch, 3 or ii: of the main line becomes stronger thanon the other branch, the magnet 5 closes local circuit through magnet33, which releases the clocktrain,which then rotates the disk 21. Whenthe disk 21 begins to rotate, the existing circuit from main linethrough the apparatus is broken and a new circuit is established, andthis new circuit is interrupted in some definite way by the action ofthe inequalities on the periphery of the revolving disk, so that analarm is thus transmitted over main line to a distant station, whichalarm may serve in the usual way to indicate the location of theapparatus.

Returning now to Fig. 2, lb is a branch wire extending from wire 37, and-l-l a similar wire extending from wire 31. \Vire 4-2 connects with acontact-bracket, l5, Figs. '1 and 2, and wire 41 connects with aspringfinger, i6. Resting upon the bracket is a flat piece of insulatingmaterial, 47, Figs. t and 5, having a guide-slot, 48, which receivesfixed guide-pins 41.). Near one end of the piece of insulatingmaterials? is a slot, 50. On the edge of the door 7 is a spring-hook,51, which, when the door is closed, engagesin sot 50, and moves thepiece of insulating material l-Tbetween the spring-finger llj and thetop of the bracket 45, thus breaking circuit through the shunt 43 15 46ll, as shown in Fig. 5. When the door is opened, the hook 51 draws thepiece of insulating material 47 from between the spring-finger lo andbracket 15, and thus allows said linger to meet said bracket and soestablish circuit through the aforesaid shunt. The effect of thusestablishing circuit is to energize magnet 33 and start the alarm. Inthis way any tampering with the apparatus is prevented, inasmuch as itis necessary to open the door to get access to the mechanism, and theoperation of opening the door causes an alarm-signal, as aboveexplained, to be transmitted.

The rotation of the disk 2], Fig. l,is limited by the stop 2a, whichfinally comes in contact with the lower side of the arm 22, and soprevents further revolution of the disk.

The magnet 5 and the standard 12 are, as already stated, supported uponthe spring-arm S. In apparatus containing magnets with spring-armaturesit frequently happens that ablow upon the containing-box, or even ajarring of the lmilding, causes a vibration of the armature sullicientto cause it to close contact with an adjacent iixed stop or plate, andso to establish a circuit between. armature and plate. In the presentcase the effect, obviously, would be to send a false alarm. Bysupporting the magnet 5 and standard 12 both on the same spring plate orarm 8 any jarring is communicated equally to the body of the magnet andthe standard 12, both moving simultaneously, and the spring 8 taking upthe shock. There is consequently no tendency of the armature .11. tovibrate individually, and in this way the accidental sending of alarms,as above described, is effectively prevented.

In practice I propose to conduct the wires 3 l through various parts ofa building, for example, to be protected. If the object belire-protection, I prefer to make said wires of fusible material, asfully set forth, as described in United States Letters Patent N 0.378,078, granted to me on the 21st day of February, 1888. \Vith wirethus constructed any excess of heat will cause a fusing of the substanceof the wire, and consequently a break in the circuit.

l. The combination of a line, an electromagnet having oppositely-Woundcoils, two branch circuits from said. line and respectively includingthe coils of said magnet, a circuit-breaker interposed between the endsof said branch circuits and line, a local circuit including anelectro-magnet, the armature of the magnet serving to hold thecircuit-breaker in normal adjustment so long as the local circuit isopen, and the armature of the oppositely-wound coils arranged to controlthe lo cal circuit and through it the 0llKlllli-lJlfOtkQl, substantiallyas set forth.

2. The combination of the line 1 2, having branches 3 magnet 5, hayingoppositelywound coils included in said branches, disk 21 and mechanismfor rotating the same, contactfingers, such as .17 18 19, communicatingWith branches 3 at and with line, projection 2i on said disk, branch 27,including circuit-breaker 26, the said circuit-breaker placed inproximity to the periphery of said disk and actuated to make and breakcircuit by projections on said periphery, armature ll of saidelectro-magnet, and a stop or catch engaging and arresting said diskmechanism and controlled to release said mechanism by said armature,substantially as described.

The combination of the line i 2, having branches 3 i, magnet 5, havingoppositely- Wound coils included in said branches, disk 21 and mechanismfor rotating the same, contact-fingers, such as 17 18 .19, communicatingwith branches 3 4* and with line, projection 241 on said disk, branch27, including circuit-breaker 25, the said circuitbreaker being placedin proximity to the periphery of said disk and actuated to make andbreak circuit by said disk, and in local circuit with a battery, 36, thearmature '11 of said electromagnet, eontactjilate .123, andelectro-magnet 33, the said magnet 33 having an armature, 32,controlling the rotating mechanism of disk 21, substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination of the line 1 2, having branches 3 4t, magnet 5,having oppositely- Wound coils included in said branches, disk 21 andspring 42 for rotating the same, contact-fingers, such as 17 18 19,communicat ing with branches a and with main line, projection 2-1 onsaid disk, branch 27, includin g circuit-ln'eaker .25, the saidcircuit-break er being placed in proximity to the periphery of said diskand actuated to make and break circuit by said disk, escapement-gear 2829 30 and in local circuit with a battery, 34', the armature 11 ofmagnet 5, contact-plate 13, and eleetro-magnet 33, the said magnet 33haying an armature, 32, controlling said eseapcment-gear, substantiallyas described.

5. In combination, a line, branches leading from the line and includingoppositely-wound coils, a circuit-breaking Wheel between the branchesand the line, a shunt between the circuit-breaking wheel and line, amechanism for rotating said circuit-breaking Wheel, and a local circuitcomprising a battery, a circuitcloser, and an electro-magnet, the saidmagnet having an armature controlling said Wheel mechanism,substantially as set forth.

6. In combination with the door 7, carrying hook 51, the fixedcontact-plate 45, spring contact-plate 46, and movable plate ofinsulating material 47, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the spring magnet 5, standards 12 and 10, armature11, and contact-plates 52 and. 13, substantially as described.

S. The combinationof the spring magnet 5, standards 1.2 and 1d, armaturell, contactplates 52 and 13, and latch 1i, substantially as described.

WTLLIAM A. BARNES.

\V i lnesses:

Ros SMITH, ALFRED B. Runs.

